SOFTSKILL TUGAS 4

 

Tidak dapat disangkal bahwa salah satu penyebab utama terjadinya era globalisasi yang datangnya lebih cepat dari dugaan semua pihak adalah karena perkembangan pesat teknologi informasi. Implementasi internet, electronic commerce, electronic data interchange, virtual office, telemedicine, intranet, dan lain sebagainya telah menerobos batas-batas fisik antar negara. Penggabungan antara teknologi komputer dengan telekomunikasi telah menghasilkan suatu revolusi di bidang sistem informasi. Data atau informasi yang pada jaman dahulu harus memakan waktu berhari-hari untuk diolah sebelum dikirimkan ke sisi lain di dunia, saat ini dapat dilakukan dalam hitungan detik. Tidak berlebihan jika salah satu pakar IBM menganalogikannya dengan perkembangan otomotif sebagai berikut: “seandainya dunia otomotif mengalami kemajuan sepesat teknologi informasi, saat ini telah dapat diproduksi sebuah mobil berbahan bakar solar, yang dapat dipacu hingga kecepatan maximum 10,000 km/jam, dengan harga beli hanya sekitar 1 dolar Amerika !”. Secara mikro, ada hal cukup menarik untuk dipelajari, yaitu bagaimana evolusi perkembangan teknologi informasi yang ada secara signifikan mempengaruhi persaingan antara perusahaan-perusahaan di dunia, khususnya yang bergerak di bidang jasa.

Secara garis besar, ada empat periode atau era perkembangan sistem informasi, yang dimulai dari pertama kali diketemukannya komputer hingga saat ini. Keempat era tersebut (Cash et.al., 1992) terjadi tidak hanya karena dipicu oleh perkembangan teknologi komputer yang sedemikian pesat, namun didukung pula oleh teori-teori baru mengenai manajemen perusahaan modern. Ahli-ahli manajemen dan organisasi seperti Peter Drucker, Michael Hammer, Porter, sangat mewarnai pandangan manajemen terhadap teknologi informasi di era modern.

Oleh karena itu dapat dimengerti, bahwa masih banyak perusahaan terutama di negara berkembang (dunia ketiga), yang masih sulit mengadaptasikan teori-teori baru mengenai manajemen, organisasi, maupun teknologi informasi karena masih melekatnya faktor-faktor budaya lokal atau setempat yang mempengaruhi behavior sumber daya manusianya. Sehingga tidaklah heran jika masih sering ditemui perusahaan dengan peralatan komputer yang tercanggih, namun masih dipergunakan sebagai alat-alat administratif yang notabene merupakan era penggunaan komputer pertama di dunia pada awal tahun 1960-an.

Source: 

http://kumpulan-artikel-teknologi.blogspot.com/2016/01/contoh-artikel-tentang-perkembangan.html

Softskill Tugas 2

4SA02 - TUGAS 2

NO.	SL	GOOGLE TRANSLATE	TL	STRATEGY/PROCEDURE (NEWMARK)
1.	Blurring the Line between Language and Culture	Mengaburkan Batas antara Bahasa dan Budaya	Menyamarkan hubungan antara Bahasa dan Budaya	Transference
2.	Fatiha Guessabi argues that culture is a language in itself, Language always carries meanings and references beyond itself:	Fatiha Guessabi berpendapat bahwa budaya adalah bahasa itu sendiri, Bahasa selalu membawa makna dan referensi di luar dirinya:	Fatiha Guessabi berpendapat bahwa budaya merupakan bahasa itu sendiri, Bahasa selalu membawa banyak makna dan referensi melampaui bahasa itu sendiri:	Transference
3.	The meanings of a particular language represent the culture of a particular social group.	Arti bahasa tertentu mewakili budaya kelompok sosial tertentu.	Makna dari suatu bahasa tertentu mewakili budaya dari suatu kelompok sosial tertentu.	Shifting
4.	To interact with a language means to do so with the culture which is its reference point.	Untuk berinteraksi dengan bahasa berarti melakukannya dengan budaya yang merupakan titik rujukannya.	Untuk berinteraksi dengan bahasa berarti melakukannya dengan budaya yang merupakan pentunjuk utamanya.	Transference
5.	We could not understand a culture without having direct access to its language because of their intimate connection.	Kami tidak dapat memahami budaya tanpa memiliki akses langsung ke bahasanya karena hubungan intim mereka.	Kita tidak bisa memahami suatu budaya tanpa memiliki akses langsung ke bahasa tersebut karena hubungan intim mereka	Transference
6.	A particular language points to the culture of a particular social group.	Suatu bahasa tertentu menunjukkan budaya suatu kelompok sosial tertentu.	Sebuah bahasa tertentu menunjukan budaya suatu kelompok sosial tertentu	Shifting
7.	Learning a language, therefore, is not only learning the alphabet, the meaning, the grammar rules and the arrangement of words, but it is also learning the behavior of the society and its cultural customs.	Belajar bahasa, oleh karena itu, tidak hanya belajar alfabet, makna, aturan tata bahasa dan pengaturan kata-kata, tetapi juga belajar perilaku masyarakat dan adat istiadat budayanya.	Mempelajari satu bahasa, oleh karena itu, tidak hanya mempelajari alfabet, makna, aturan tata bahasa, dan pengaturan kata-katanya, tapi juga mempelajari perilaku masyarakat dam adat istiadat budayanya.	Shifting
8.	Thus; language teaching should always contain some explicit reference to the culture, the whole from which the particular language is extracted.	Demikian; pengajaran bahasa harus selalu mengandung referensi eksplisit terhadap budaya, keseluruhan dari mana bahasa tertentu diekstraksi.	Jadi; pengajaran bahasa harus selalu mengandung beberapa referensi eksplisit pada budayanya, keseluruhan dari mana bahasa tertentu diambil.	Transference
9.	The human communication process is complex, as many of our messages are transmitted through paralanguage.	Proses komunikasi manusia itu rumit, karena banyak pesan kami yang dikirim melalui bahasa paralang.	Proses komunikasi manusia rumit, karena banyak dari pesan kami dikirim melalui Bahasa non-lexikal.	Shifting
10.	These auxiliary communication techniques are culture-specific, so communication with people from other societies or ethnic groups is fraught with the danger of misunderstanding, if the larger framework of culture is ignored.	Teknik-teknik komunikasi bantu ini bersifat spesifik-budaya, sehingga komunikasi dengan orang-orang dari masyarakat lain atau kelompok etnis penuh dengan bahaya kesalahpahaman, jika kerangka budaya yang lebih besar diabaikan.	Teknik-teknik komunikasi bantu ini bersifat spesifik akan budaya, sehingga komunikasi dengan orang-orang dari masyarakat lain atau kelompok etnis penuh dengan kesalahpahaman yang berbahaya, apabila kerangka budaya yang lebih besar diabaikan.	Shifting

Review Game DOTA 2

DOTA 2 aka Defense Of The Ancients 2 is a MOBA (Multiplayer Online Battle Arena) game  released by Valve at 2011. Originally, this game was just mod in game Warcraft 3 named Frozen Throne later known as DotA 1. Game DOTA 2 is very  popular among teenagers and adults. There are so many international competition. Through this game, people can win million of dollars by winning the international events.

I've spent 4000 hours on playing DOTA 2. Started 5 years ago, friends asked me to play together in the internet cafe near our school. 

DOTA to me is a fun and good game if you play it properly. It's a team game, so cooperation and communication are highly needed. If you play with your friend/s, it just make it easier to communicate and to set timing.

New to DOTA 2? No problem. DOTA gives such a good way learning for the beginners, by playing with bots either full bots (9 bots) or coop bot (team up with other players vs 5 bots).

Dota is also good of making new friends. Since it's a multiplayer, you'll meet someone who play nice or play like a stupid person. You can learn other languages differently from schools.

In other side, some heroes are need to be nerfed. Some of them are too overpowered, and too underwhelmed. Punishment to the feeders and flamers should be more severe. To me report conducts are not enough. Valve should give them something to make them learn of their mistakes.

Sadly, Valve messed up with the Dota reborn to bring back the old DOTA vibe. There are many bugs and to me it's still "incomplete version". However, custom games give another different experience beside playing the "main" DOTA. I personally like the interface. It's good and the armory/inventory system is also good and make it easier to search for particular item. They also show the player's statistics by the diagram to measure the player's aspect, plus can compare to other player.

Pengalaman Main Game War Thunder

Saya mulai main War Thunder ini tahun 2013-an. Dulunya masih cuma pesawat, sekarang udah lengkap sama tank. Tertarik karena teman SMA ngajak main. Awalnya cuma liat teman main.

Mulai pakai pesawat Amerika. Kenapa? Tadinya baru ada 5 negara, Jerman, Rusia, Jepang, Amerika, dan Inggris, sekarang sudah ada Itali yang tadinya masuk di bagian pesawat Jerman, diubah jadi punya sendiri. Jadi ada 6 negara. Dari beberapa teman yang main WT, ternyata belum ada yang main pakai pasukan Amerika. Justru teman bilang, "Pake aja pesawat amrik, biar lengkap, gak ada yg make gini," Saya pun setuju, dan memang sebelumnya pernah main game simulator dan pakai pesawat Amerika. Jadi lumayan tau ada apa saja pesawat-pesawatnya. Beberapa game, udah lumayan ngerti cara manuver, menukik, ngebom, mendarat, lepas landas dengan benar.

Keunggulan dari pesawat Amerika yaitu dari persenjataannya. Machine gun dengan kaliber 50 ini tentu sangat mematikan dan dengan mudah dapat menghancurkan sayap pesawat musuh. Seiring berkembangnya teknologi, semua negara melengkapi pesawatnya dengan kanon 20mm. Dari segi manuver, pesawat Amerika terbilang agak berat dan lumayan lama. Inggris dan Jepang sangat unggul dalam manuver karena pesawat-pesawatnya ringan dan memang didesain khusus untuk tempur jarak dekat atau dogfight. Sedangkan Rusia terbilang standar karena memang bagus dalam dogfight dan tempur jauh. Pesawat Jerman sangat buas jika digunakan untuk memburu bomber yang terbangnya tinggi diatas 5000 kaki. Selain itu Jerman unggul dalam teknik hit and run, dimana pesawat Jerman menukik dari atas dan terjun mengincar pesawat yang berada di bawah lalu setelah menembak atau berhasil menghancurkan pesawat dapat kembali ke atas dengan mudah, karena mesin pesawat Jerman didesain untuk terbang tinggi atau manjat.

Sampai saat ini, negara yang sudah saya mainkan adalah Amerika, Inggris, Rusia dan Jerman. Total kill yang saya dapat hampir 8000 pesawat.

Film "FURY"

Bagi anda pecinta film perang, film berjudul FURY patut ditonton. Film ini mengambil sudut pandang dari kru sebuah tank Sherman buatan Amerika Serikat, salah satu kubu sekutu pada masa perang dunia 2. Jujur saja, jarang ada film yang menyorot tentang pasukan “tank” dan kesulitan-kesulitan mereka dalam menghadapi rudal/senjata penghancur tank/tank yang lebih canggih.

Fury menceritakan tentang tank bernama “Fury” yang dipimpin oleh Don “Wardaddy” Collier (Brad Pitt), beranggotakan Bible (Shia Lebouf), Gordo (Michael Pena), Gardy “Coon-ass” (Jon Bernthal). Setelah kehilangan salah satu anggotanya dan menjadi satu-satunya tank yang lolos perang, mereka harus menerima anak muda polos bernama Norman (Logan Lerman) dalam timnya. Wardaddy harus mendidik Norman agar menerima realita kerasnya perang, agar ia tidak membahayakan timnya dan tentunya tidak terbunuh dengan cepat. Mereka terus dikirim dari 1 kota ke kota yang lain di Jerman untuk menembus pertahananan dan menguasai kota. Tetapi misi mereka sangat sulit, karena jumlah tank sekutu hanya tersisa 4 dan tank mereka kalah canggih dengan tank Nazi. Hingga pada akhirnya, hanya mereka yang tersisa satu-satunya lagi, dan nasionalisme mereka pun diuji, apakah mereka akan kabur atau tetap bersama tank mereka dan mempertahankan posisi.

Bagian favorit saya adalah pada saat 4 tank sekutu melawan 1 tank kelas berat Nazi yaitu Tiger. Feeling tegang pada saat itu sangat terasa. Para sekutu yang terdiri atas 4 tank kelas medium melawan 1 tank kelas berat berlangsung cukup lama. Pada akhirnya Wardaddy pun berhasil menghancurkan tank tersebut. Di sisi lain, pihak sekutu kehilangan 3 tank mereka untuk mengalahkan 1 tank tersebut.

Types of Sentences and Clauses

What is a Clause ?

A clause is a group of words containing a subject and a verb or verb phrase. Every sentence consists of at least one clause.

The two types of clauses are independent and dependent clauses. An independent clause (also known as a main clause) expresses a complete thought. It can either stand on its own as a sentence or be combined with one or more dependent or independent clauses to form a sentence. A dependent clause (also known as a subordinate clause) cannot stand on its own as a sentence. It must be combined with one or more independent clauses to form a sentence. Dependent clauses can function either as noun clauses, adjective clauses, or adverb clauses in sentences. They begin with words such as after, although, because, before, if, since, that, until, what, when, where, who, which , and why.

An independent clause can express a complete thought (and can be a standalone sentence). A dependent clause is usually a supporting part of a sentence, and it cannot stand by itself as a meaningful proposition (idea).

Examples of Independent Clauses:

1) Jackson did his homework after he had dinner with his parents.

(Jackson did his homework is an independent clause. It works as a standalone sentence.)

2) Before Alexei arrived to Moscow, he met Yuri and Boris in Stalingrad.

3) Connor was eating sandwich until Eric came to disturb him.

Examples of Dependent Clauses

1) Jackson did his homework after he had dinner with his parents.

(The clause after he had dinner with his parents is a dependent clause. It does not work as a standalone sentence).

2) Before Alexei arrived to Moscow, he met Yuri and Boris in Stalingrad.

3) Connor was eating sandwich until Eric came to disturb him.

These three dependent clauses (or subordinate clauses as they're also called) could have been independent clauses. However, the opening word(s) (in these examples after, Even though, and but) turned them into dependent clauses. The opening words are known as dependent words, the main type of which is subordinating conjunctions.

Four Types of Sentences and the Effect of Punctuation

When students learn to write, they begin by learning about the four types of sentences and the role punctuation plays in determining and creating those different sentence types.

The four types of sentences in the English language include:

Declarative sentence

Imperative sentence

Interrogative sentence

Exclamatory sentence

And there are only three punctuation marks with which to end a sentence:

Period

Question mark

Exclamation point

Using different types of sentences and punctuation, students can vary the tone of their writing assignments and express a variety of thoughts and emotions.

A declarative sentence simply makes a statement or expresses an opinion. In other words, it makes a declaration. This kind of sentence ends with a period.

Examples of this sentence type:

“I want to be a good writer.” (makes a statement)

“My friend is a really good writer.” (expresses an opinion)

An imperative sentence gives a command or makes a request. It usually ends with a period but can, under certain circumstances, end with an exclamation point.

Examples of this sentence type:

“Please sit down.”

“I need you to sit down now!”

An interrogative sentence asks a question. This type of sentence often begins with who, what, where, when, why, how, or do, and it ends with a question mark.

Examples of this sentence type:

“When are you going to turn in your writing assignment?”

“Do you know what the weather will be tomorrow?”

An exclamatory sentence is a sentence that expresses great emotion such as excitement, surprise, happiness and anger, and ends with an exclamation point.

Examples of this sentence type:

“It is too dangerous to climb that mountain!”

“I got an A on my book report!”

Sentence Types

Simple Sentences

A simple sentence contains a subject and a verb, and it may also have an object and modifiers. However, it contains only one independent clause.

Here are a few examples:

-Jason and Freddy sing a song.

-Brock started his company.

-Tyler and Evan organized an event in New York.

-Anthony and Scott went to London.

Compound Sentence

A compound sentence refers to a sentence made up of two independent clauses (or complete sentences) connected to one another with a coordinating conjunction. Coordinating conjunctions are easy to remember if you think of the words "FANBOYS":

For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So

Examples of compound sentences include the following:

1) Meredith waited for the train, but the train was late.

2) Brandon looked for Aiman and Jordan at the bus station, so they can go to Berlin together.

3) Barry and Allen came to Singapore on Tuesday, and they decided to visit Indonesia next week.

Complex Sentence

A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses connected to it. A dependent clause is similar to an independent clause, or complete sentence, but it lacks one of the elements that would make it a complete sentence.

Dependent clauses such as those above cannot stand alone as a sentence, but they can be added to an independent clause to form a complex sentence. Dependent clauses begin with subordinating conjunctions. Below are some of the most common subordinating conjunctions: after, although, as, because, before, even though, if, since, though, unless, until, when, whenever, whereas, wherever, while.

Here are the examples :

- Although Mira finished her new novel, she still needed promote in the radio.

- Since Peter and Drax joined the Avengers, they contributed much to the team.

- Wade will take a bus to Ajax' house, unless Wilson offers him a ride.

Compound-Complex Sentences

A compound-complex sentence is made up of at least two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.

Here are the examples :

- Stark and Rogers met Logan in the Avengers' base, but Fury wasn't in the place at that time, even though he was needed to supervise the meeting.
- Although Luke was in Manchester, he decided call Frank, so he can stay in Frank's place for a while.
- Edward finally returned to his hometown, but everything had changed since he left the hometown to go to America.

Sources:

http://www.k12reader.com/term/clause-overview/
http://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/clause.htm

http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/grammar/sentencestructure